NAME =  Jumpei Kubota  
ORGANIZATION =  Research Institute for Humanity and Nature  
ADDRESS =  335, Takashima-cho, Kamigyou-ku, Kyoto 602-0878, JAPAN  
COUNTRY =  Japan  
PHONE =  075-229-6171  
FAX =  075-229-6150  
E-MAIL =  jkubota@chikyu.ac.jp  
POSTER_ONLY =  no  
THEME =  T1  
DATE =  28-Jul-04-10:21:30  
ABSID = T1JK28Jul04102130 
TITLE = Water and energy budget in the southern mountainous region of eastern Siberia 
AUTHOR_1 = Jumpei KUBOTA 
INSTITUTION_1 = Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 
PRESENTER = AUTHOR_1 
AUTHOR_2 = Kazuyoshi SUZUKI 
INSTITUTION_2 = Institute of Observational Research for Global Change 
AUTHOR_3 = Tetsuo OHATA 
INSTITUTION_3 = Institute of Observational Research for Global Change/Hokkaido Univ. 
AUTHOR_4 = Varely Vuglinsky 
INSTITUTION_4 = State Hydrological Institute 
ABSTRACT = Siberia, which is located in the northern part of the Eurasia continent, has the widest permafrost area on earth. Discharges by big rivers in Siberia play an important role as fresh water supply to the Arctic Sea, affecting not only the hydrological and thermal conditions of the Arctic Sea, but also the polar region climate. To understand water and energy cycle in Siberia, An intensive field campaign was carried out at a small watershed on the watershed-divide of the Lena and Amur rivers in the southern mountainous region. The dominant species are larch, birch and pine. Both the catchment scale hydrological observation including time and spatial distribution of thawing depth and soil moisture and the observation of water and heat exchanges between land surface and atmosphere on several surface conditions within the watershed, including snow processes, were carried out from August 2000 to June 2002.
The amounts of precipitation, discharge, evapotranspiration by flux measurement and interception loss, in the warm period from April 19 to October 13, 2001 were 434.5mm, 204.1mm, 127.5mm, and 82.6mm, respectively. According to measurements of transpiration by the sap flow method and the evaporation from forest floor, the contribution of the evaporation from forest floor was significant, around 80% of the total. The Bowen ration after the snowmelt in the middle of April was around 1.0 Just after the opening leaves at the beginning of June, it slightly decreased due to transpiration, and then began to increase at the end of August. The contribution of snow surface evaporation to snow ablation was nearly 8.7% during a thaw of 2002. During an early spring, the soil heat flux was important energy for snow evaporation. The most effective energy to snowmelt was net radiation because the most of turbulent fluxes were negative value to the snowmelt energy.