NAME =  Taro NAKAI  
ORGANIZATION =  Japan Science and Technology Agency  
ADDRESS =  Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0819  
COUNTRY =  Japan  
PHONE =  011-706-7437  
FAX =  011-706-7142  
E-MAIL =  taro@pop.lowtem.hokudai.ac.jp  
POSTER_ONLY =  yes  
THEME =  T1  
DATE =  09-Aug-04-16:21:57  
ABSID = T1TN09Aug04162157 
TITLE = Characteristics of roughness parameters in boreal, cool-temperate and warm-temperate forests 
AUTHOR_1 = Taro NAKAI 
INSTITUTION_1 = Japan Science and Technology Agency 
PRESENTER = AUTHOR_1 
AUTHOR_2 = Takashi KUWADA 
INSTITUTION_2 = Japan Science and Technology Agency 
AUTHOR_3 = Yuji KODAMA 
INSTITUTION_3 = Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University 
AUTHOR_4 = Takeshi OHTA 
INSTITUTION_4 = Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University 
AUTHOR_5 = Trofim C. Maximov 
INSTITUTION_5 = Institute for Biological Problems of the Cryolithozone, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk 677891, Russia 
ABSTRACT =  Roughness parameters, such as zero-plane displacement (d) and roughness length (z0), are necessary factors to estimate transportation of heat, water, and scalar gasses (CO2, etc.) through aerodynamic resistance in Penman-Monteith equation or atmospheric stability function. These parameters are related to forest structure factors (LAI, stand density, etc.), and their relationships are needed for estimation of plant-physiological factors in wide-scale area of boreal forest by using satellite data. In this study, roughness parameters are compared among boreal forest (Yakutsk, Russia), cool-temperate forest (Moshiri, Japan), and warm-temperate forest (Seto, Japan). The boreal forest consists of larch (deciduous conifer), the cool-temperate forest is occupied by birch (deciduous broadleaved trees), and the warm-temperate forest is a mixed forest of deciduous and evergreen broad-leaved trees. In the case of September 2003, normalized zero-plane displacement (d/h) of the boreal forest was small (0.61) compared with the cool-temperate (0.79) and the warm-temperate forests (0.66), where h is tree height. On the other hand, normalized roughness length (z0/h) of the boreal forest was larger (0.12) than the cool-temperate (0.05) and the warm-temperate forests (0.10). These results are due to the low stand density of the boreal forest (820 stands ha-1) compared with the cool temperate (4,000 stands ha-1) and the warm-temperate forests (1,828 stands ha-1).